Crusaders capture Constantinople and sack Constantinople; Greek Empire of Trebizond established in the region of Pontus on the Black Sea
Constantinople falls to the Ottoman Empire.
Empire of Trebizond fall to the Ottoman Turks: forced conversions of Christians begin.
Thousands of Pontian Greeks depart for Russia, Constantinople and Danubian Principalities to avoid persecution.
Russian-led coalition won the war, pushing the Turks back all the way to the gates of Constantinople.
Hamidian Massacres of the Armenian people by the Ottoman Empire
The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) of the Ottoman Empire took place when the Young Turks movement restored the Ottoman constitution of 1876.
Ottoman Empire loses significant territories in Europe.
Three pashas seizes control of the government and establishes a military dictatorship that rules the Ottoman Empire until the end of WWI, Ottoman Empire Masterminds and implements the Genocide against the Christian minorities with a goal of establishing a Turkish, Islamic, nationalistic empire.
1913-1914 1st Wave
1914-1918 2nd Wave
1919-1923 3rd Wave
Massacres, forced deportations involving death marches, summary expulsions, arbitrary execution, and the destruction of Eastern Orthodox cultural, historical, and religious monuments.
Turkey and Greece agree on compulsory Exchange of populations.
